28 February 2016

Notes - a ripple /


       Sunday afternoon. You are at the park along the Little Miami and it appears nature is ready for Spring. Carol is finishing up Sandra Brown’s Friction. – Amorella

       1556 hours. There are no green buds yet but it feels like Spring as it is in the sixties, we are in a valley and don’t feel the wind but it is gusting into the forties. We both feel to be catching colds or it is allergies – otherwise a very pleasant blue sky day.
      
       Carol sent you an online article titled, “The New Mind Control” by Robert Epstein. Here is a sample:

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The New Mind Control
By Robert Epstein

(Originally published on Aeon.com)

The internet has spawned subtle forms of influence that can flip elections and manipulate everything we say, think and do.

Over the past century, more than a few great writers have expressed concern about humanity’s future. In The Iron Heel (1908), the American writer Jack London pictured a world in which a handful of wealthy corporate titans – the ‘oligarchs’ – kept the masses at bay with a brutal combination of rewards and punishments. Much of humanity lived in virtual slavery, while the fortunate ones were bought off with decent wages that allowed them to live comfortably – but without any real control over their lives.

In We (1924), the brilliant Russian writer Yevgeny Zamyatin, anticipating the excesses of the emerging Soviet Union, envisioned a world in which people were kept in check through pervasive monitoring. The walls of their homes were made of clear glass, so everything they did could be observed. They were allowed to lower their shades an hour a day to have sex, but both the rendezvous time and the lover had to be registered first with the state.

In Brave New World (1932), the British author Aldous Huxley pictured a near-perfect society in which unhappiness and aggression had been engineered out of humanity through a combination of genetic engineering and psychological conditioning. And in the much darker novel 1984 (1949), Huxley’s compatriot George Orwell described a society in which thought itself was controlled; in Orwell’s world, children were taught to use a simplified form of English called Newspeak in order to assure that they could never express ideas that were dangerous to society.

These are all fictional tales, to be sure, and in each the leaders who held the power used conspicuous forms of control that at least a few people actively resisted and occasionally overcame. But in the non-fiction bestseller The Hidden Persuaders (1957) – recently released in a 50th-anniversary edition – the American journalist Vance Packard described a ‘strange and rather exotic’ type of influence that was rapidly emerging in the United States and that was, in a way, more threatening than the fictional types of control pictured in the novels. According to Packard, US corporate executives and politicians were beginning to use subtle and, in many cases, completely undetectable methods to change people’s thinking, emotions and behaviour based on insights from psychiatry and the social sciences.

Most of us have heard of at least one of these methods: subliminal stimulation, or what Packard called ‘subthreshold effects’ – the presentation of short messages that tell us what to do but that are flashed so briefly we aren’t aware we have seen them. In 1958, propelled by public concern about a theatre in New Jersey that had supposedly hidden messages in a movie to increase ice cream sales, the National Association of Broadcasters – the association that set standards for US television – amended its code to prohibit the use of subliminal messages in broadcasting. In 1974, the Federal Communications Commission opined that the use of such messages was ‘contrary to the public interest’. Legislation to prohibit subliminal messaging was also introduced in the US Congress but never enacted. Both the UK and Australia have strict laws prohibiting it.

Subliminal stimulation is probably still in wide use in the US – it’s hard to detect, after all, and no one is keeping track of it – but it’s probably not worth worrying about. Research suggests that it has only a small impact, and that it mainly influences people who are already motivated to follow its dictates; subliminal directives to drink affect people only if they’re already thirsty.

Packard had uncovered a much bigger problem, however – namely that powerful corporations were constantly looking for, and in many cases already applying, a wide variety of techniques for controlling people without their knowledge. He described a kind of cabal in which marketers worked closely with social scientists to determine, among other things, how to get people to buy things they didn’t need and how to condition young children to be good consumers – inclinations that were explicitly nurtured and trained in Huxley’s Brave New World. Guided by social science, marketers were quickly learning how to play upon people’s insecurities, frailties, unconscious fears, aggressive feelings and sexual desires to alter their thinking, emotions and behaviour without any awareness that they were being manipulated.

By the early 1950s, Packard said, politicians had got the message and were beginning to merchandise themselves using the same subtle forces being used to sell soap. Packard prefaced his chapter on politics with an unsettling quote from the British economist Kenneth Boulding: ‘A world of unseen dictatorship is conceivable, still using the forms of democratic government.’ Could this really happen, and, if so, how would it work?

The forces that Packard described have become more pervasive over the decades. The soothing music we all hear overhead in supermarkets causes us to walk more slowly and buy more food, whether we need it or not. Most of the vacuous thoughts and intense feelings our teenagers experience from morning till night are carefully orchestrated by highly skilled marketing professionals working in our fashion and entertainment industries. Politicians work with a wide range of consultants who test every aspect of what the politicians do in order to sway voters: clothing, intonations, facial expressions, makeup, hairstyles and speeches are all optimised, just like the packaging of a breakfast cereal.

Fortunately, all of these sources of influence operate competitively. Some of the persuaders want us to buy or believe one thing, others to buy or believe something else. It is the competitive nature of our society that keeps us, on balance, relatively free.

But what would happen if new sources of control began to emerge that had little or no competition? And what if new means of control were developed that were far more powerful – and far more invisible – than any that have existed in the past? And what if new types of control allowed a handful of people to exert enormous influence not just over the citizens of the US but over most of the people on Earth?

It might surprise you to hear this, but these things have already happened.

To understand how the new forms of mind control work, we need to start by looking at the search engine – one in particular: the biggest and best of them all, namely Google. The Google search engine is so good and so popular that the company’s name is now a commonly used verb in languages around the world. To ‘Google’ something is to look it up on the Google search engine, and that, in fact, is how most computer users worldwide get most of their information about just about everything these days. They Google it. Google has become the main gateway to virtually all knowledge, mainly because the search engine is so good at giving us exactly the information we are looking for, almost instantly and almost always in the first position of the list it shows us after we launch our search – the list of ‘search results’.

That ordered list is so good, in fact, that about 50 per cent of our clicks go to the top two items, and more than 90 per cent of our clicks go to the 10 items listed on the first page of results; few people look at other results pages, even though they often number in the thousands, which means they probably contain lots of good information. Google decides which of the billions of web pages it is going to include in our search results, and it also decides how to rank them. How it decides these things is a deep, dark secret – one of the best-kept secrets in the world, like the formula for Coca-Cola.

Because people are far more likely to read and click on higher-ranked items, companies now spend billions of dollars every year trying to trick Google’s search algorithm – the computer program that does the selecting and ranking – into boosting them another notch or two. Moving up a notch can mean the difference between success and failure for a business, and moving into the top slots can be the key to fat profits. . . .

Ironically, I suppose, one can Google the author and title and find the complete version online. – “The New Mind Control” by Robert Epstein (I assume it will come to the top of the Goggle list.)

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       This strikes to your heart because long ago, after reading Packard’s The Hidden Persuaders and other works fiction and nonfiction, you set out to develop a three week class course on propaganda and subliminal advertising during the decades of the sixties right through to your retirement in 2003. The last decade or so became short chapter, an extension or a prelude to your logical lectures. You are very much bothered by how people are so easily subconsciously manipulated. This is one of the reasons why you find the status quo such a social, religious, political and economic wall around the world. Is this not so, boy? – Amorella

       1614 hours. The concept raises a deep anger within – a wall filled with a smorgasbord of deliciously appetizing blocks of many varied colors, some so close one can hardly discern the difference, each the same size for easily constructed perceptive human intake. No one is born free from it and the manipulation is not entirely conscious – the separation of truth to fiction becomes as blurred as the magical line between Saturday night and Sunday morning. In a way this manipulation (presently seemingly rightly or wrongly) can separate our human spirit from our living-in-the-physical world. Language loses its luster and openly clear thinking becomes enhanced with night and fog; oh, yes, and where are the stars, the hopes in such a mental place. Economic manipulation is no different from any of the other colored bricks in the wall. In fact it is in the water that initially wets concrete before the construction of each brick itself. Family, the noun, is manipulated by parents of the parents or the parent back into the dawn of human history. It is as though our goose is cooked before we know there is a goose to be had. Only recently the manipulation has been seen on a global scale. This is not a good thing because what can we do about our nature except to find a way to come to peace with our instincts and find a tunnel to a new light. Once we are aware of reality we can individually wall off that part that is insincere and downright dishonest with befriending the human psyche. (1636) Well, I’m not sure where this comes from in such a straightforward manner (from my perspective) but here it is. – rho

       You haven’t even re-read your thoughts here but are willing to put your signature to it, boy. Where’s your reason, boy? – Amorella
      
       1638 hours. You brought this up out of my deep, Amorella. You toss a pebble in the pond and you are bound to get a ripple.

       Post when plausible. Carol is on page 405; she’ll be ready to head for home soon. Enjoy the rest of the day. – Amorella

       1646 hours. We had a good Subway lunch on a beautiful afternoon in February. Carol is just finishing the book presently. Time to go.

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