04 July 2017

Notes - usurping not / definitions / between the lines



       Shortly after noon local time. You had a nap and did your thirty minute exercises again today, three days in a row. However, you have awaken early morning with strong lower back arthritic pain -- it takes until late morning to shake it off. -- You have been thinking about the connection between irony and poetry and the creation of the universe as you know it. You think that irony and poetry show a connection as to how 'continual creation' works. Is this not so? - Amorella

       1224 hours. Why do you set the question up this way?

       Because I know it is so. - Amorella

       1226 hours. You are so funny, Amorella. You are giving me a chance to argue it is not so out of respect for free will?

       No, but acceptable try relative to your humanity. - Amorella

       1229 hour. The irony and poetry are characteristics of how things are or seem to be from my human perspective.

       Really, I thought you were trying to usurp and/or 'know' G-D like Satan in Paradise Lost. - Amorella

       1234 hours. Sometimes, like presently, I move into you as being angelic and try to cover my bases in advance. Cheap trick, obviously, and it didn't work.

       Orndorff, when you think me angelic, consciously or unconsciously, I take on that persona within and give you such reflection that you might think it so not as a deception but as a kindness to you. Why? It raises your sense of human consciousness, plain and simple. - Amorella

       1239 hours. I take you at your word, and I thank you for reflecting such kindness to me. 

       Post, then look up irony and poetry to see what we have to work with here later today. - Amorella


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What does irony mean?

Definitions for irony

Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word irony.

Princeton's WordNet

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sarcasm, irony, satire, caustic remark(noun)witty language used to convey insults or scorn"he used sarcasm to upset his opponent"; "irony is wasted on the stupid"; "Satire is a sort of glass, wherein beholders do generally discover everybody's face but their own"--Jonathan Swift

irony(noun)incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs"the irony of Ireland's copying the nation she most hated"

irony(noun)a trope that involves incongruity between what is expected and what occurs

Wiktionary

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   irony(Adjective)Of or pertaining to the metal iron.The food had an irony taste to it.
    
   Origin: First attested in 1502. From ironia (perhaps via ironie), from εἰρωνεία, from εἴρων.
    
Webster Dictionary

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   Irony(adj)made or consisting of iron; partaking of iron; iron; as, irony chains; irony particles
   Irony(adj)resembling iron taste, hardness, or other physical property
   Irony(noun)dissimulation; ignorance feigned for the purpose of confounding or provoking an antagonist
   Irony(noun)a sort of humor, ridicule, or light sarcasm, which adopts a mode of speech the meaning of which is contrary to the literal sense of the words
   Origin: [L. ironia, Gr. dissimulation, fr. a dissembler in speech, fr. to speak; perh. akin to E. word: cf. F. ironie.]
    
Freebase

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   IronyIrony, in its broadest sense, is a rhetorical device, literary technique, or event characterized by an incongruity, or contrast, between reality and appearance. The term may be further defined into several categories, among which are: verbal, dramatic, and situational. Verbal, dramatic, and situational irony are often used for emphasis in the assertion of a truth. The ironic form of simile, used in sarcasm, and some forms of litotes emphasize one's meaning by the deliberate use of language which states the opposite of the truth — or drastically and obviously understates a factual connection. Other forms include dialectic and practical, as identified by Thirlwall.
    
Chambers 20th Century Dictionary

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   Ironyī′run-i, n. a mode of speech which enables the speaker to convey his meaning with greater force by means of a contrast between the thought which he evidently designs to express and that which his words properly signify: satire.—adj. Iron′ical, meaning the opposite of what is expressed: satirical.—adv. Iron′ically.—The irony of fate, the perverse malignity of fate. [Fr.,—L. ironia, Gr. eirōneia, dissimulation—eirōn, a dissembler—eirein, to talk.]
    
The Nuttall Encyclopedia

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   Ironyis a subtle figure of speech in which, while one thing is said, some indication serves to show that quite the opposite is meant; thus apparent praise becomes severe condemnation or ridicule; practical irony is evinced in ostensibly furthering some one's hopes and wishes while really leading him to his overthrow. Life and history are full of irony in the contrast between ambitions and their realisation.
    
The Roycroft Dictionary

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   ironyThe cactus-plant that sprouts over the tomb of our dead illusions.
    
British National Corpus

   Nouns FrequencyRank popularity for the word 'irony' in Nouns Frequency: #2984
    
Numerology

   Chaldean NumerologyThe numerical value of irony in Chaldean Numerology is: 7
    
   Pythagorean NumerologyThe numerical value of irony in Pythagorean Numerology is: 9
    
Sample Sentences & Example Usage

Robert A. Heinlein:The supreme irony of life is that hardly anyone gets out of it alive.

Agnes Repplier:Humor brings insight and tolerance. Irony brings a deeper and less friendly understanding.

Jessamyn West:A taste for irony has kept more hearts from breaking than a sense of humor, for it takes irony to appreciate the joke which is on oneself.

Karen Friedman:It's a cruel irony that in the year we're celebrating the 40th anniversary year of ERISA, Congress is trying to reverse its most significant protections.

Robert Altman:Real art is without irony. Irony distances the author from his material. Irony is a product of something. It's not the reason for doing something. Irony is a cheap shot.

Selected and edited from definitions.net

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What does poetry mean?

Definitions for poetry

Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word poetry.

Princeton's WordNet

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poetry, poesy, verse(noun)literature in metrical form
poetry(noun)any communication resembling poetry in beauty or the evocation of feeling

Wiktionary


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   poetry(Noun)The class of literature comprising poems.
   poetry(Noun)Composition in verse or language exhibiting conscious attention to patterns.
   poetry(Noun)A poet's literary production
   poetry(Noun)A 'poetical' quality, artistic and/or artfull, which appeals or stirs the imagination, in any mediumThat 'Swan Lake' choreography is poetry in motion, fitting the musical poetry of Tchaikovski's divine score well beyond the literary inspiration
   Origin: From ποίησις, from ποιέω.
    
Webster Dictionary


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   Poetry(noun)the art of apprehending and interpreting ideas by the faculty of imagination; the art of idealizing in thought and in expression
   Poetry(noun)imaginative language or composition, whether expressed rhythmically or in prose. Specifically: Metrical composition; verse; rhyme; poems collectively; as, heroic poetry; dramatic poetry; lyric or Pindaric poetry
   Origin: [OF. poeterie. See Poet.]
    
Freebase


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   PoetryPoetry is a form of literary art which uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning. Poetry has a long history, dating back to the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh. Early poems evolved from folk songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell oral epics, as with the Sanskrit Vedas, Zoroastrian Gathas, and the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey. Ancient attempts to define poetry, such as Aristotle's Poetics, focused on the uses of speech in rhetoric, drama, song and comedy. Later attempts concentrated on features such as repetition, verse form and rhyme, and emphasized the aesthetics which distinguish poetry from more objectively-informative, prosaic forms of writing. From the mid-20th century, poetry has sometimes been more generally regarded as a fundamental creative act employing language. Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or to evoke emotive responses. Devices such as assonance, alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm are sometimes used to achieve musical or incantatory effects. The use of ambiguity, symbolism, irony and other stylistic elements of poetic diction often leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations. Similarly, metaphor, simile and metonymy create a resonance between otherwise disparate images—a layering of meanings, forming connections previously not perceived. Kindred forms of resonance may exist, between individual verses, in their patterns of rhyme or rhythm.
    
The Nuttall Encyclopedia


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   Poetrythe gift of penetrating into the inner soul or secret of a thing, and bodying it forth rhythmically so as to captivate the imagination and the heart.
    
The Roycroft Dictionary


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   poetry1. A substitute for the impossible. 2. The bill and coo of sex.
    
U.S. National Library of Medicine


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   Poetry
 Works that consist of literary and oral genre expressing meaning via symbolism and following formal or informal patterns.
    

Sample Sentences & Example Usage

   Adrian Mitchell:Most people ignore most poetry because most poetry ignores most people.
    
   Simonides:Painting is silent poetry, and poetry is painting with the gift of speech.
    
   Salma Hayek:There is an Arabic writer who wrote philosophy and poetry and who brought all religions and all the world together.
    
   Samuel Taylor Coleridge:I wish our clever young poets would remember my homely definitions of prose and poetry that is prose words in their best order-poetry the best words in the best order.
    
   Patti Smith:People were crying on the street, you could hear his voice coming out of cafes. Everyone was playing his music. ... Thank you, Lou, for brutally and benevolently injecting poetry into your music.

Selected and edited from definitions.net

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       Carol is talking to Linda on the phone. You will be going to lunch shortly. We will work with what you have above. The Wikipedia definitions do not serve well here in this context. Post. - Amorella    


       You had a quick lunch: Egg McMuffins and two colas. Presently you are parked to the right of Whitaker's mausoleum in the shade and facing west with the windows down and the top open for the breeze. The car seat is giving you some discomfort through your right hip and leg. Carol is on page fifteen of Grisham's The King of Torts. - Amorella

       1428 hours. I'll underline the definitions above that seem best. This should fit within a Platonic framework.

       While you are at it decide if the irony definition frames the poetry definition or the other way round. - Amorella

       1432 hours. That does add criteria to the definition. I like it. Thanks, Amorella.

       1435 hours. The best definition of poetry, hands down, is from The Nuttall Encyclopedia:   

"Poetrythe gift of penetrating into the inner soul or secret of a thing, and bodying it forth rhythmically so as to captivate the imagination and the heart."

       You have humanity first for the quote, what you want is pre-creation oriented, keep that in mind. - Amorella

       1443 hours. I have a short definition from Princeton's WordNet: 

irony (noun)
 incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs

         The above will somewhat work in context "might be expected [from a human being]". - Amorella

       1451 hours. This is taking on an interesting assignment, Amorella. What are the elements of the definitions of irony and poetry independent of human thought?

       How might Ship and Onesixanzero conclude in this reference? - Amorella

       1457 hours. Wow. I don't know . . . irony and poetry exist before physics OR irony and poetry embody physics? I don't know.

       Something to consider perhaps. - Amorella

       1459 hours. This would have to be based in the hypothetical not theoretical.

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hypothetical - l| adjective of, based on, or serving as a hypothesis: that option is merely hypothetical at this juncture.• supposed but not necessarily real or true: the hypothetical tenth planet.• Logic denoting or containing a proposition of the logical form if p then q. noun (usually hypotheticals) a hypothetical proposition or statement: Finn talked in hypotheticals, tossing what-if scenarios to Rosen.

theoretical -  l| adjective concerned with or involving the theory of a subject or area of study rather than its practical application: a theoretical physicist | the training is task-related rather than theoretical.• based on or calculated through theory rather than experience or practice: the theoretical value of their work.

Selected and edited from the Oxford/American software

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       You need not  bring in the definitions above, boy. I have a standing understanding. - Amorella

       1557 hours. The definitions are for me, Amorella, as you well know. Words can trick you up. People, like myself misuse them all the time. Logically, hypothetical has to come before theoretical so I dropped it in that way although upon further reflection I wanted to make sure of definitions.

       This is because words mean more to you. They are the essence of thought. For fun, look up word as a definition. - Amorella

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word - noun: a single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing, used with others (or sometimes alone) to form a sentence and typically shown with a space on either side when written or printed.• a single distinct conceptual unit of language, comprising inflected and variant forms.

Selected and edited from the Oxford/American


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Word

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the unit of speech and writing.

In linguistics, a word is the smallest element that can be uttered in isolation with objective or practical meaning).

This contrasts deeply with a morpheme, which is the smallest unit of meaning but will not necessarily stand on its own. A word may consist of a single morpheme (for example: oh!, rock, red, quick, run, expect), or several (rocks, redness, quickly, running, unexpected), whereas a morpheme may not be able to stand on its own as a word (in the words just mentioned, these are -s, -ness, -ly, -ing, un-, -ed). A complex word will typically include a root and one or more affixes (rock-s, red-ness, quick-ly, run-ning, un-expect-ed), or more than one root in a compound (black-board, sand-box). Words can be put together to build larger elements of language, such as phrases (a red rock, put up with), clauses (I threw a rock), and sentences (He threw a rock too, but he missed).

The term word may refer to a spoken word or to a written word, or sometimes to the abstract concept behind either. Spoken words are made up of units of sound called phonemes, and written words of symbols called graphemes, such as the letters of the English alphabet.

Summary

The difficulty of deciphering a word depends on the language. Dictionaries categorize a language's lexicon (i.e., its vocabulary) into lemmas. These can be taken as an indication of what constitutes a "word" in the opinion of the writers of that language. The most appropriate means of measuring the length of a word are by counting its syllables or morphemes. When a word has multiple definitions or multiple senses, it may result in confusion in a debate or discussion.

Semantic definition

Leonard Bloomfield introduced the concept of "Minimal Free Forms" in 1926. Words are thought of as the smallest meaningful unit of speech that can stand by themselves. This correlates phonemes (units of sound) to lexemes (units of meaning). However, some written words are not minimal free forms as they make no sense by themselves (for example, the and of)
Some semanticists have put forward a theory of so-called semantic primitives or semantic primes, indefinable words representing fundamental concepts that are intuitively meaningful. According to this theory, semantic primes serve as the basis for describing the meaning, without circularity, of other words and their associated conceptual denotations.

Features

In the Minimalist school of theoretical syntax, words (also called lexical items in the literature) are construed as "bundles" of linguistic features that are united into a structure with form and meaning. For example, the word "koalas" has semantic features (it denotes real-world objects, koalas), category features (it is a noun), number features (it is plural and must agree with verbs, pronouns, and demonstratives in its domain), phonological features (it is pronounced a certain way), etc.

Word boundaries

The task of defining what constitutes a "word" involves determining where one word ends and another word begins—in other words, identifying word boundaries. There are several ways to determine where the word boundaries of spoken language should be placed:

   Potential pause: A speaker is told to repeat a given sentence slowly, allowing for pauses. The speaker will tend to insert pauses at the word boundaries. However, this method is not foolproof: the speaker could easily break up polysyllabic words, or fail to separate two or more closely linked words (e.g. "to a" in "He went to a house").
    
   Indivisibility: A speaker is told to say a sentence out loud, and then is told to say the sentence again with extra words added to it. Thus, I have lived in this village for ten years might become My family and I have lived in this little village for about ten or so years. These extra words will tend to be added in the word boundaries of the original sentence. However, some languages have infixes, which are put inside a word. Similarly, some have separate affixes; in the German sentence "Ich komme gut zu Hause an", the verb ankommen is separated.
    
   Phonetic boundaries: Some languages have particular rules of pronounciation that make it easy to spot where a word boundary should be. For example, in a language that regularly stresses the last syllable of a word, a word boundary is likely to fall after each stressed syllable. Another example can be seen in a language that has vowel harmony (like Turkish): the vowels within a given word share the same quality, so a word boundary is likely to occur whenever the vowel quality changes. Nevertheless, not all languages have such convenient phonetic rules, and even those that do present the occasional exceptions.
    
Orthography

In languages with a literary tradition, there is interrelation between orthography and the question of what is considered a single word. Word separators (typically spaces) are common in modern orthography of languages using alphabetic scripts, but these are (excepting isolated precedents) a relatively modern development.

In English orthography, compound expressions may contain spaces. For example, ice cream, air raid shelter and get up each are generally considered to consist of more than one word (as each of the components are free forms, with the possible exception of get).

Not all languages delimit words expressly. Mandarin Chinese is a very analytic language (with few inflectional affixes), making it unnecessary to delimit words orthographically. However, there are a great number of multiple-morpheme compounds in Mandarin, as well as a variety of bound morphemes that make it difficult to clearly determine what constitutes a word.

Sometimes, languages which are extremely close grammatically will consider the same order of words in different ways. For example, reflective verbs in the French infinitive are separate from their respective particle, e.g. se laver ("to wash oneself"), whereas in Portuguese they are hyphenated, e.g. lavar-se, and in Spanish they are joined, e.g. lavarse.

Japanese uses orthographic cues to delimit words such as switching between kanji (Chinese characters) and the two kana syllabaries. This is a fairly soft rule, because content words can also be written in hiragana for effect (though if done extensively spaces are typically added to maintain legibility).

Vietnamese orthography, although using the Latin alphabet, delimits monosyllabic morphemes rather than words.
In character encoding, word segmentation depends on which characters are defined as word dividers.

Morphology

In synthetic languages, , a single word stem (for example, love) may have a number of different forms (for example, loves, loving, and loved). However, for some purposes these are not usually considered to be different words, but rather different forms of the same word. In these languages, words may be considered to be constructed from a number of morphemes. In Indo-European languages in particular, the morphemes distinguished are

   The root.
   Optional suffixes.
   A inflectional suffix.
Thus, the Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dhom would be analyzed as consisting of
   *wr̥-, the zero grad of the root *wer-.
   A root-extension *-dh- (diachronically a suffix), resulting in a complex root *wr̥dh-.
   The thematic suffix *-o-.
   The neuter gender nominative or accusative singular suffix *-m.
    

Philosophy

Philosophers have found words objects of fascination since at least the 5th century BC, with the foundation of the philosophy of language. Plato analyzed words in terms of their origins and the sounds making them up, concluding that there was some connection between sound and meaning, though words change a great deal over time. John Locke wrote that the use of words "is to be sensible marks of ideas", though they are chosen "not by any natural connexion that there is between particular articulate sounds and certain ideas, for then there would be but one language amongst all men; but by a voluntary imposition, whereby such a word is made arbitrarily the mark of such an idea". Wittgenstein's  thought transitioned from a word as representation of meaning to "the meaning of a word is its use in the language."

Archaeology shows that even for centuries prior to this fascination by philosophers in the 5th century BC, many languages had various ways of expressing this verbal unit, which in turn diversified and evolved into a range of expressions with wide philosophical significance. Ancient manuscripts of the Gospel of John reveal in its 5th chapter the Rabonni Y'shua chastising the pharisees expecting to find life in writings instead of himself. This perhaps could have led to John's introduction in chapter of a description in the Greek translation as "the logos". A famous early scientist, scholar and priest, Thomas Aquinas, influenced Cartesian philosophy and mathematics by interpreting such passages consistently with his philosophy of logic.

Classes

Grammar classifies a language's lexicon into several groups of words. The basic bipartite division possible for virtually every natural language is that of nouns vs. verbs.

The classification into such classes is in the tradition of Dionysius Thrax, who distinguished eight categories: noun, verb, adjective, pronoun, preposition, adverb, conjunction and interjection.

In Indian grammatical tradition, Panini introduced a similar fundamental classification into a nominal (nāma, suP) and a verbal (ākhyāta, tiN) class, based on the set of suffixes taken by the word.

Selected and edited from Wikipedia

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       1645 hours. The above is good stuff, some material I have not consciously thought on for a long time. It is no wonder I am confused by some writing in English. Rules and concepts of old do not naturally apply today because many people never knew the rules of the English language to begin with. I loved studying grammar in sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth grades and I got more from Mr. Ray's English Language and Grammar class as a sophomore at Otterbein. Good stuff, all.

       Post. - Amorella


        2256 hours. I am thinking of yin-yang icon. Poetry and irony may be characterized similarly to a yin-yang icon in my mind.



       Which is the black and which is the white in your iconic concept of poetry and irony? - Amorella

       2306 hours. Irony is the black; everything within is poetic form before it is a Platonic Form. That's how I see it presently. I conclude after Eliot's "The Hollow Men".

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The Hollow Men   by T. S. Eliot
Mistah Kurtz-he dead
            A penny for the Old Guy



                       I

    We are the hollow men
    We are the stuffed men
    Leaning together
    Headpiece filled with straw. Alas!
    Our dried voices, when
    We whisper together
    Are quiet and meaningless
    As wind in dry grass
    Or rats' feet over broken glass
    In our dry cellar
 
    Shape without form, shade without colour,
    Paralysed force, gesture without motion;
 
    Those who have crossed
    With direct eyes, to death's other Kingdom
    Remember us-if at all-not as lost
    Violent souls, but only
    As the hollow men
    The stuffed men.

 
                              II

    Eyes I dare not meet in dreams
    In death's dream kingdom
    These do not appear:
    There, the eyes are
    Sunlight on a broken column
    There, is a tree swinging
    And voices are
    In the wind's singing
    More distant and more solemn
    Than a fading star.
 
    Let me be no nearer
    In death's dream kingdom
    Let me also wear
    Such deliberate disguises
    Rat's coat, crowskin, crossed staves
    In a field
    Behaving as the wind behaves
    No nearer-
 
    Not that final meeting
    In the twilight kingdom

 
                   III

    This is the dead land
    This is cactus land
    Here the stone images
    Are raised, here they receive
    The supplication of a dead man's hand
    Under the twinkle of a fading star.
 
    Is it like this
    In death's other kingdom
    Waking alone
    At the hour when we are
    Trembling with tenderness
    Lips that would kiss
    Form prayers to broken stone.

 
                     IV

    The eyes are not here
    There are no eyes here
    In this valley of dying stars
    In this hollow valley
    This broken jaw of our lost kingdoms
 
    In this last of meeting places
    We grope together
    And avoid speech
    Gathered on this beach of the tumid river
 
    Sightless, unless
    The eyes reappear
    As the perpetual star
    Multifoliate rose
    Of death's twilight kingdom
    The hope only
    Of empty men.

 
                           V

    Here we go round the prickly pear
    Prickly pear prickly pear
    Here we go round the prickly pear
    At five o'clock in the morning.

 
    Between the idea
    And the reality
    Between the motion
    And the act
    Falls the Shadow
                                   For Thine is the Kingdom
 
    Between the conception
    And the creation
    Between the emotion
    And the response
    Falls the Shadow
                                   Life is very long
 
    Between the desire
    And the spasm
    Between the potency
    And the existence
    Between the essence
    And the descent
    Falls the Shadow
                                   For Thine is the Kingdom
 
    For Thine is
    Life is
    For Thine is the
 
    This is the way the world ends
    This is the way the world ends
    This is the way the world ends
    Not with a bang but a whimper.

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       2323 hours. These are Eliot's lines where I would add irony and poetry.

    Between the conception
    And the creation
Between the irony
And the poetry
    Between the emotion
    And the response
    Falls the Shadow

         Understood, orndorff. Now you see where you are -- between the lines. Post. - Amorella

       2328 hours. I love your dark humor, Amorella.


      


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